Radon is a form of the radioactive element radium and is a part of the Uranium²³⁸ decomposition chain. A ‘noble’ gas, it further decomposes into a mix of other radioactive particles called daughters. Both radon gas and daughters become caught in dust particles in the air, and can thereby be inhaled by humans and animals. When radon daughters decompose, the cells in our lungs are exposed to damaging ionising radiation.

More information here.

No, you cannot detect radon by sight, taste or smell. Therefore, it is impossible to know if there is too much inside a building without measuring the indoor air concentration.

World Health Organization, WHO, states it is proven that radon can cause cancer. It is the most leading cause of lung cancer after smoking and is estimated to cause between 3% and 14% of all lung cancers, depending on the average level in the country. The National Cancer Institute in the United Kingdom states for example that radon is responsible for 10% of lung cancer cases diagnosed each year in the UK.

Radonova uses the alpha track method, whereby film elements are put into pods made of anti-static plastic. Radon, combined with normal air, diffuses into the pod where it may decompose releasing high energy alpha particles. The energy of the alpha particles make microscopic tracks on the film which can then be counted. The alpha-track detectors are contained in airtight bags, the measurement starts when the bag is opened and when the measuring period has elapsed the detectors should be put back and sealed into the original bags then immediately returned to Radonova. The analysis made at Radonova is performed using a state-of-the-art image scanner

More information here.

To comply with UK Health Security Agency advice, radon detectors from an independent, accredited (ISO 17025) laboratory should be used to measure radon. Testing should last for at least three months; the longer the measurement period, the more accurate the results. Levels often vary greatly day by day and season by season and fluctuations depend on variables such as temperature and wind conditions, ventilation systems, and how often you open your windows. Consequently, a long-term measurement period of at least three months is advised in order to obtain the annual average value.

If you need to conduct a quick radon measurement for an approximate value, such as when selling your home, you can perform a short-term measurement. These detectors are different and should be used over a minimum 10 days. However, short-term measurement is only advisory and cannot be used for any official means.

In the UK, the reference levels are 300 Bq/m³ for workplaces, and 200 Bq/m³ for homes.

Measurement reports will indicate whether you are above either of these thresholds and need advice from an experienced Radiation Protection Adviser (RPA). The UK Ionising Radiations Regulations 2017 legislation requires employers to act if radon levels exceed the workplace threshold.

If radon levels in your home or workplace are too high, you should enlist a consultant to identify the source. You can then take action to reduce the level by means of a simple sump or fan installation. It is important to use a company that specialises in lowering radon levels and has staff with documented expertise.